Cysts

Cysts are common, typically benign skin growths that appear as round, movable lumps beneath the skin. They form when a hair follicle or skin gland becomes blocked, leading to a buildup of fluid, keratin, or other material. Most cysts are harmless and slow-growing, but they can become inflamed, tender, or infected over time. While treatment is not always necessary, cysts can be drained or removed if they become painful, recurrent, or cosmetically concerning.

Types of Cysts

• Epidermoid cysts: The most common type; slow-growing bumps caused by trapped skin cells

• Pilar (trichilemmal) cysts: Firm cysts most often found on the scalp

• Sebaceous cysts: A general term often used for oil-related skin cysts

• Ganglion cysts: Fluid-filled lumps that commonly develop near joints or tendons, especially the wrists or hands

• Dermoid cysts: Congenital cysts that may contain hair, skin, or other tissue

• Acne (nodulocystic) cysts: Deep, inflamed cysts associated with severe acne